Understanding Scrotal Swelling
Any new swelling or lump in the scrotum can be alarming. While many causes are benign, it's crucial to get a professional medical diagnosis to rule out serious conditions. Never ignore scrotal swelling.
Medical Emergency: Testicular Torsion
If you experience **sudden, severe pain and swelling** in one testicle, often with nausea and vomiting, it could be testicular torsion. This is where the testicle twists on its cord, cutting off blood supply. **This is a surgical emergency requiring immediate attention at a hospital ER to save the testicle.**
Common Causes of Scrotal Swelling
Assuming a medical emergency has been ruled out, most scrotal swelling is due to one of the following:
- Hydrocele: A painless collection of fluid around the testicle. It feels like a small water balloon and is usually harmless unless it becomes very large and uncomfortable.
- Spermatocele: A painless, fluid-filled cyst that forms on the epididymis (the tube behind the testicle). It feels like a smooth, firm lump separate from the testicle itself.
- Varicocele: An enlargement of the veins within the scrotum, often described as feeling like a "bag of worms." It can cause a dull ache or feeling of heaviness.
- Epididymitis/Orchitis: Inflammation of the epididymis or testicle, usually caused by a bacterial infection (including STIs). This is typically painful, with gradual onset of swelling and tenderness.
- Inguinal Hernia: When a part of the intestine protrudes into the scrotum through a weak spot in the abdominal wall. This can cause swelling and a dull ache.
- Testicular Cancer: While less common, this is the most serious cause. It usually presents as a painless, hard lump on the testicle itself.
The Importance of a Professional Diagnosis
It is impossible and unsafe to try to self-diagnose the cause of scrotal swelling. A specialist will perform a physical exam and, most importantly, will likely order a scrotal ultrasound. An ultrasound is a quick, painless, and highly effective imaging test that can clearly distinguish between these different conditions and provide a definitive diagnosis.
Don't Wait. Get It Checked.
Any lump or swelling in your scrotum needs to be evaluated by a doctor. An accurate diagnosis provides peace of mind and ensures you get the right treatment if one is needed.
Book a Urological Consultation